Most colorectal cancers are due to lifestyle factors and increasing age, with only a small number of cases due to inherited genetic disorders. Risk factors include diet, obesity, smoking, and not enough physical activity. Dietary factors that increase the risk include red and processed meat, as well as alcohol. Another risk factor is inflammatory bowel disease, which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

Colon cancer screening can detect polyps and early cancers in the intestines. This type of screening can find problems that can be treated before cancer develops or spreads. Regular screenings may reduce the risk of death and pain caused by colorectal cancer.

There are There are several ways used for colon cancer screening as :

1. Stool Test :

• Polyps in the colon and smaller cancers can cause small amounts of bleeding that cannot be seen with the naked eye. But the blood can often be found in the stool.
• This method checks your stool for blood.
• The most common test used is the fecal occult blood test (FOBT). Two other tests are called the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and stool DNA test (sDNA).

2. Sigmoidoscopy :

• This test uses a flexible small scope to view the lower part of your colon. Because the test only looks at the last one-third of the large intestine (colon), it may miss some cancers that are higher in the large intestine.
• Sigmoidoscopy and a stool test should be used together.

3. Colonoscopy :

• A colonoscopy is similar to a sigmoidoscopy, but the entire colon can be viewed.
• A colonoscopy is similar to a sigmoidoscopy, but the entire colon can be viewed.
• Sometimes, CT scans are used as an alternative to a regular colonoscopy. This is called a virtual colonoscopy.

4. Other Tests :

• Double-contrast barium enema is a special x-ray of the large intestine that looks at the colon and rectum.
• Capsule endoscopy involves swallowing a small, pill-sized camera.